feat(baoyu-youtube-transcript): add yt-dlp fallback and modularize codebase

Retry with alternate InnerTube client identities when YouTube returns
anti-bot responses, then fall back to yt-dlp when available. Split
monolithic main.ts into typed modules (youtube, transcript, storage,
shared, types) and add unit tests.
This commit is contained in:
Jim Liu 宝玉
2026-03-24 20:59:04 -05:00
parent 7c995fcc24
commit 09ce80357f
8 changed files with 1320 additions and 700 deletions
+10 -1
View File
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ metadata:
# YouTube Transcript
Downloads transcripts (subtitles/captions) from YouTube videos. Works with both manually created and auto-generated transcripts. No API key or browser required — uses YouTube's InnerTube API directly.
Downloads transcripts (subtitles/captions) from YouTube videos. Works with both manually created and auto-generated transcripts. No API key or browser required — uses YouTube's InnerTube API directly and automatically falls back to `yt-dlp` when YouTube blocks the direct API path.
Fetches video metadata and cover image on first run, caches raw data for fast re-formatting.
@@ -75,6 +75,12 @@ ${BUN_X} {baseDir}/scripts/main.ts <url> --refresh
| `-o, --output <path>` | Save to specific file path | auto-generated |
| `--output-dir <dir>` | Base output directory | `youtube-transcript` |
## Optional Environment Variables
| Variable | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `YOUTUBE_TRANSCRIPT_COOKIES_FROM_BROWSER` | Passed to `yt-dlp --cookies-from-browser` during fallback, e.g. `chrome`, `safari`, `firefox`, or `chrome:Profile 1` |
## Input Formats
Accepts any of these as video input:
@@ -121,6 +127,8 @@ On first fetch, the script saves:
Subsequent runs for the same video use cached data (no network calls). Use `--refresh` to force re-fetch. If a different language is requested, the cache is automatically refreshed.
When YouTube returns anti-bot / blocked responses on the direct InnerTube path, the script retries with alternate client identities and then falls back to `yt-dlp` if available. If fallback is needed but `yt-dlp` is unavailable, the agent should decide how to make `yt-dlp` available and continue rather than pushing the installation decision to the user.
SRT output (`--format srt`) is generated from `transcript-raw.json`. Text/markdown output uses `transcript-sentences.json` for natural sentence boundaries.
## Workflow
@@ -175,3 +183,4 @@ When `--speakers` is used, `--chapters` is implied — the processed output alwa
| Video unavailable | Video deleted, private, or region-locked |
| IP blocked | Too many requests, try again later |
| Age restricted | Video requires login for age verification |
| bot detected | The script retries alternate clients and then `yt-dlp`; if fallback tooling is missing, the agent should resolve that itself, otherwise if it still fails try `YOUTUBE_TRANSCRIPT_COOKIES_FROM_BROWSER=safari` (or your browser) |
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
import test from "node:test";
import assert from "node:assert/strict";
import { findTranscript, parseTranscriptJson3, parseWebVtt } from "./transcript.ts";
import { buildTranscriptListFromYtDlp, resolveVideoSource, selectYtDlpTrack } from "./youtube.ts";
test("selectYtDlpTrack prefers json3 over xml and vtt", () => {
const track = selectYtDlpTrack([
{ ext: "vtt", url: "https://example.com/subs.vtt" },
{ ext: "srv3", url: "https://example.com/subs.srv3" },
{ ext: "json3", url: "https://example.com/subs.json3" },
]);
assert.equal(track?.ext, "json3");
});
test("buildTranscriptListFromYtDlp keeps manual and generated tracks separate", () => {
const transcripts = buildTranscriptListFromYtDlp({
subtitles: {
en: [
{ ext: "json3", url: "https://example.com/en.json3", name: "English" },
],
},
automatic_captions: {
"zh-Hans": [
{ ext: "json3", url: "https://example.com/zh.json3", name: "Chinese (Simplified)" },
],
},
});
assert.equal(transcripts.length, 2);
assert.equal(transcripts[0].isGenerated, false);
assert.equal(transcripts[1].isGenerated, true);
assert.equal(transcripts[0].translationLanguages[0]?.languageCode, "zh-Hans");
const translated = findTranscript(transcripts, ["zh-Hans"], false, false);
assert.equal(translated.languageCode, "zh-Hans");
assert.equal(translated.isGenerated, true);
});
test("parseTranscriptJson3 reads youtube timedtext json3 payloads", () => {
const snippets = parseTranscriptJson3(JSON.stringify({
events: [
{
tStartMs: 80,
dDurationMs: 3120,
segs: [{ utf8: "hello\nworld" }],
},
{
tStartMs: 4000,
dDurationMs: 1800,
segs: [{ utf8: "again" }],
},
],
}));
assert.deepEqual(snippets, [
{ text: "hello world", start: 0.08, duration: 3.12 },
{ text: "again", start: 4, duration: 1.8 },
]);
});
test("parseWebVtt strips tags and cue settings", () => {
const snippets = parseWebVtt(`WEBVTT
00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.200 align:start position:0%
<c.colorE5E5E5>Hello</c> world
00:00:04.000 --> 00:00:05.800
Again
`);
assert.equal(snippets.length, 2);
assert.equal(snippets[0].text, "Hello world");
assert.equal(snippets[0].start, 0.08);
assert.equal(snippets[0].duration, 3.12);
assert.equal(snippets[1].text, "Again");
assert.equal(snippets[1].start, 4);
assert.equal(Number(snippets[1].duration.toFixed(1)), 1.8);
});
test("resolveVideoSource prefers primary InnerTube result before fallback", async () => {
let fallbackCalled = false;
const source = await resolveVideoSource(
"video12345ab",
async () => ({ kind: "innertube", data: { videoDetails: { title: "Primary" } }, transcripts: [] }),
() => {
fallbackCalled = true;
return {
subtitles: {
en: [{ ext: "json3", url: "https://example.com/en.json3", name: "English" }],
},
};
},
() => {}
);
assert.equal(source.kind, "innertube");
assert.equal(fallbackCalled, false);
});
test("resolveVideoSource falls back to yt-dlp only after fallback-eligible errors", async () => {
let fallbackCalled = false;
const source = await resolveVideoSource(
"video12345ab",
async () => {
const error = new Error("Request blocked for video12345ab: bot detected");
(error as Error & { code?: string }).code = "BOT_DETECTED";
throw error;
},
() => {
fallbackCalled = true;
return {
automatic_captions: {
en: [{ ext: "json3", url: "https://example.com/en.json3", name: "English (auto-generated)" }],
},
};
},
() => {}
);
assert.equal(source.kind, "yt-dlp");
assert.equal(fallbackCalled, true);
assert.equal(source.transcripts[0].languageCode, "en");
});
+93 -699
View File
@@ -1,659 +1,55 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bun
import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "fs";
import { dirname, join, resolve } from "path";
type Format = "text" | "srt";
interface Options {
videoIds: string[];
languages: string[];
format: Format;
translate: string;
list: boolean;
excludeGenerated: boolean;
excludeManual: boolean;
output: string;
outputDir: string;
timestamps: boolean;
chapters: boolean;
speakers: boolean;
refresh: boolean;
}
interface Snippet {
text: string;
start: number;
duration: number;
}
interface Sentence {
text: string;
start: string;
end: string;
}
interface TranscriptInfo {
language: string;
languageCode: string;
isGenerated: boolean;
isTranslatable: boolean;
baseUrl: string;
translationLanguages: { language: string; languageCode: string }[];
}
interface Chapter {
title: string;
start: number;
end: number;
}
interface VideoMeta {
videoId: string;
title: string;
channel: string;
channelId: string;
description: string;
duration: number;
publishDate: string;
url: string;
coverImage: string;
thumbnailUrl: string;
language: { code: string; name: string; isGenerated: boolean };
chapters: Chapter[];
}
interface VideoResult {
videoId: string;
title?: string;
filePath?: string;
content?: string;
error?: string;
}
const WATCH_URL = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=";
const INNERTUBE_URL = "https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/player";
const INNERTUBE_CTX = { client: { clientName: "ANDROID", clientVersion: "20.10.38" } };
function extractVideoId(input: string): string {
input = input.replace(/\\/g, "").trim();
const patterns = [
/(?:youtube\.com\/watch\?.*v=|youtu\.be\/|youtube\.com\/embed\/|youtube\.com\/v\/|youtube\.com\/shorts\/)([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/,
/^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})$/,
];
for (const p of patterns) {
const m = input.match(p);
if (m) return m[1];
}
return input;
}
function slugify(s: string): string {
return s
.toLowerCase()
.replace(/[^\w\s-]/g, "")
.replace(/\s+/g, "-")
.replace(/-+/g, "-")
.replace(/^-|-$/g, "") || "untitled";
}
function htmlUnescape(s: string): string {
return s
.replace(/&amp;/g, "&")
.replace(/&lt;/g, "<")
.replace(/&gt;/g, ">")
.replace(/&quot;/g, '"')
.replace(/&#39;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#x27;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#x2F;/g, "/")
.replace(/&apos;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#(\d+);/g, (_, n) => String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n)))
.replace(/&#x([0-9a-fA-F]+);/g, (_, n) => String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n, 16)));
}
function stripTags(s: string): string {
return s.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, "");
}
function parseTranscriptXml(xml: string): Snippet[] {
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
const re = /<text\s+start="([^"]*)"(?:\s+dur="([^"]*)")?[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/text>/g;
let m: RegExpExecArray | null;
while ((m = re.exec(xml)) !== null) {
const raw = m[3];
if (!raw) continue;
snippets.push({
text: htmlUnescape(stripTags(raw)),
start: parseFloat(m[1]),
duration: parseFloat(m[2] || "0"),
});
}
return snippets;
}
// --- YouTube API ---
async function fetchHtml(videoId: string): Promise<string> {
const r = await fetch(WATCH_URL + videoId, {
headers: { "Accept-Language": "en-US", "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0" },
});
if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r.status} fetching video page`);
let html = await r.text();
if (html.includes('action="https://consent.youtube.com/s"')) {
const cv = html.match(/name="v" value="(.*?)"/);
if (!cv) throw new Error("Failed to create consent cookie");
const r2 = await fetch(WATCH_URL + videoId, {
headers: {
"Accept-Language": "en-US",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0",
Cookie: `CONSENT=YES+${cv[1]}`,
},
});
if (!r2.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r2.status} fetching video page (consent)`);
html = await r2.text();
}
return html;
}
function extractApiKey(html: string, videoId: string): string {
const m = html.match(/"INNERTUBE_API_KEY":\s*"([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)"/);
if (!m) {
if (html.includes('class="g-recaptcha"')) throw new Error(`IP blocked for ${videoId} (reCAPTCHA)`);
throw new Error(`Cannot extract API key for ${videoId}`);
}
return m[1];
}
async function fetchInnertubeData(videoId: string, apiKey: string): Promise<any> {
const r = await fetch(`${INNERTUBE_URL}?key=${apiKey}`, {
method: "POST",
headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
body: JSON.stringify({ context: INNERTUBE_CTX, videoId }),
});
if (r.status === 429) throw new Error(`IP blocked for ${videoId} (429)`);
if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r.status} from InnerTube API`);
return r.json();
}
function assertPlayability(data: any, videoId: string) {
const ps = data?.playabilityStatus;
if (!ps) return;
const status = ps.status;
if (status === "OK" || !status) return;
const reason = ps.reason || "";
if (status === "LOGIN_REQUIRED") {
if (reason.includes("bot")) throw new Error(`Request blocked for ${videoId}: bot detected`);
if (reason.includes("inappropriate")) throw new Error(`Age restricted: ${videoId}`);
}
if (status === "ERROR" && reason.includes("unavailable")) {
if (videoId.startsWith("http")) throw new Error(`Invalid video ID: pass the ID, not the URL`);
throw new Error(`Video unavailable: ${videoId}`);
}
const subreasons = ps.errorScreen?.playerErrorMessageRenderer?.subreason?.runs?.map((r: any) => r.text).join("") || "";
throw new Error(`Video unplayable (${videoId}): ${reason} ${subreasons}`.trim());
}
function extractCaptionsJson(data: any, videoId: string): any {
assertPlayability(data, videoId);
const cj = data?.captions?.playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer;
if (!cj || !cj.captionTracks) throw new Error(`Transcripts disabled for ${videoId}`);
return cj;
}
function buildTranscriptList(captionsJson: any): TranscriptInfo[] {
const tlLangs = (captionsJson.translationLanguages || []).map((tl: any) => ({
language: tl.languageName?.runs?.[0]?.text || tl.languageName?.simpleText || "",
languageCode: tl.languageCode,
}));
return (captionsJson.captionTracks || []).map((t: any) => ({
language: t.name?.runs?.[0]?.text || t.name?.simpleText || "",
languageCode: t.languageCode,
isGenerated: t.kind === "asr",
isTranslatable: !!t.isTranslatable,
baseUrl: (t.baseUrl || "").replace(/&fmt=srv3/g, ""),
translationLanguages: t.isTranslatable ? tlLangs : [],
}));
}
function findTranscript(
transcripts: TranscriptInfo[],
languages: string[],
excludeGenerated: boolean,
excludeManual: boolean
): TranscriptInfo {
let filtered = transcripts;
if (excludeGenerated) filtered = filtered.filter((t) => !t.isGenerated);
if (excludeManual) filtered = filtered.filter((t) => t.isGenerated);
for (const lang of languages) {
const found = filtered.find((t) => t.languageCode === lang);
if (found) return found;
}
const available = filtered.map((t) => `${t.languageCode} ("${t.language}")`).join(", ");
throw new Error(`No transcript found for languages [${languages.join(", ")}]. Available: ${available || "none"}`);
}
async function fetchTranscriptSnippets(info: TranscriptInfo, translateTo?: string): Promise<{ snippets: Snippet[]; language: string; languageCode: string }> {
let url = info.baseUrl;
let lang = info.language;
let langCode = info.languageCode;
if (translateTo) {
if (!info.isTranslatable) throw new Error(`Transcript ${info.languageCode} is not translatable`);
const tl = info.translationLanguages.find((t) => t.languageCode === translateTo);
if (!tl) throw new Error(`Translation language ${translateTo} not available`);
url += `&tlang=${translateTo}`;
lang = tl.language;
langCode = translateTo;
}
const r = await fetch(url, { headers: { "Accept-Language": "en-US" } });
if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${r.status} fetching transcript`);
return { snippets: parseTranscriptXml(await r.text()), language: lang, languageCode: langCode };
}
// --- Metadata & chapters ---
function parseChapters(description: string, duration: number = 0): Chapter[] {
const raw: { title: string; start: number }[] = [];
for (const line of description.split("\n")) {
const m = line.trim().match(/^(?:(\d{1,2}):)?(\d{1,2}):(\d{2})\s+(.+)$/);
if (m) {
const h = m[1] ? parseInt(m[1]) : 0;
raw.push({ title: m[4].trim(), start: h * 3600 + parseInt(m[2]) * 60 + parseInt(m[3]) });
}
}
if (raw.length < 2) return [];
return raw.map((ch, i) => ({
title: ch.title,
start: ch.start,
end: i < raw.length - 1 ? raw[i + 1].start : Math.max(duration, ch.start),
}));
}
function getThumbnailUrls(videoId: string, data: any): string[] {
const urls = [
`https://i.ytimg.com/vi/${videoId}/maxresdefault.jpg`,
`https://i.ytimg.com/vi/${videoId}/hqdefault.jpg`,
];
const thumbnails = data?.videoDetails?.thumbnail?.thumbnails ||
data?.microformat?.playerMicroformatRenderer?.thumbnail?.thumbnails || [];
if (thumbnails.length) {
const sorted = [...thumbnails].sort((a: any, b: any) => (b.width || 0) - (a.width || 0));
for (const t of sorted) if (t.url && !urls.includes(t.url)) urls.push(t.url);
}
return urls;
}
function buildVideoMeta(data: any, videoId: string, langInfo: { code: string; name: string; isGenerated: boolean }, chapters: Chapter[]): VideoMeta {
const vd = data?.videoDetails || {};
const mf = data?.microformat?.playerMicroformatRenderer || {};
return {
videoId,
title: vd.title || mf.title?.simpleText || "",
channel: vd.author || mf.ownerChannelName || "",
channelId: vd.channelId || mf.externalChannelId || "",
description: vd.shortDescription || mf.description?.simpleText || "",
duration: parseInt(vd.lengthSeconds || "0"),
publishDate: mf.publishDate || mf.uploadDate || "",
url: `https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=${videoId}`,
coverImage: "",
thumbnailUrl: getThumbnailUrls(videoId, data)[0],
language: langInfo,
chapters,
};
}
async function downloadCoverImage(urls: string[], outputPath: string): Promise<boolean> {
for (const u of urls) {
try {
const r = await fetch(u);
if (r.ok) {
writeFileSync(outputPath, Buffer.from(await r.arrayBuffer()));
return true;
}
} catch {}
}
return false;
}
function parseSrt(srt: string): Snippet[] {
const blocks = srt.trim().split(/\n\n+/);
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
for (const block of blocks) {
const lines = block.split("\n");
if (lines.length < 3) continue;
const m = lines[1].match(/(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}),(\d{3})\s*-->\s*(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}),(\d{3})/);
if (!m) continue;
const start = parseInt(m[1]) * 3600 + parseInt(m[2]) * 60 + parseInt(m[3]) + parseInt(m[4]) / 1000;
const end = parseInt(m[5]) * 3600 + parseInt(m[6]) * 60 + parseInt(m[7]) + parseInt(m[8]) / 1000;
snippets.push({ text: lines.slice(2).join(" "), start, duration: end - start });
}
return snippets;
}
// --- Timestamp formatting ---
function ts(t: number): string {
const h = Math.floor(t / 3600);
const m = Math.floor((t % 3600) / 60);
const s = Math.floor(t % 60);
return `${String(h).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(m).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(s).padStart(2, "0")}`;
}
function tsMs(t: number, sep: string): string {
const h = Math.floor(t / 3600);
const m = Math.floor((t % 3600) / 60);
const s = Math.floor(t % 60);
const ms = Math.round((t - Math.floor(t)) * 1000);
return `${String(h).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(m).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(s).padStart(2, "0")}${sep}${String(ms).padStart(3, "0")}`;
}
// --- Paragraph grouping ---
interface Paragraph {
text: string;
start: number;
end: number;
}
function groupIntoParagraphs(snippets: Snippet[]): Paragraph[] {
if (!snippets.length) return [];
const paras: Paragraph[] = [];
let buf: Snippet[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < snippets.length; i++) {
buf.push(snippets[i]);
const last = i === snippets.length - 1;
const gap = !last && snippets[i + 1].start - (snippets[i].start + snippets[i].duration) > 1.5;
if (last || gap || buf.length >= 8) {
const lastS = buf[buf.length - 1];
paras.push({ text: buf.map(s => s.text).join(" "), start: buf[0].start, end: lastS.start + lastS.duration });
buf = [];
}
}
return paras;
}
// --- Sentence segmentation ---
const SENTENCE_END_RE = /[.?!…。?!⁈⁇‼‽.]/;
function isCJK(ch: string): boolean {
const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
return (code >= 0x4E00 && code <= 0x9FFF) ||
(code >= 0x3040 && code <= 0x309F) ||
(code >= 0x30A0 && code <= 0x30FF) ||
(code >= 0xAC00 && code <= 0xD7AF) ||
(code >= 0x3400 && code <= 0x4DBF) ||
(code >= 0xF900 && code <= 0xFAFF);
}
function splitSnippetAtPunctuation(s: Snippet): { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] {
const { text, start, duration } = s;
const end = start + duration;
if (!text.length) return [];
const splitPoints: number[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
if (SENTENCE_END_RE.test(text[i])) {
while (i + 1 < text.length && SENTENCE_END_RE.test(text[i + 1])) i++;
if (i < text.length - 1) splitPoints.push(i);
}
}
if (!splitPoints.length) return [{ text, start, end }];
const parts: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
let prev = 0;
for (const pos of splitPoints) {
const partText = text.slice(prev, pos + 1).trim();
if (partText) {
parts.push({
text: partText,
start: start + (prev / text.length) * duration,
end: start + ((pos + 1) / text.length) * duration,
});
}
prev = pos + 1;
}
const remaining = text.slice(prev).trim();
if (remaining) {
parts.push({ text: remaining, start: start + (prev / text.length) * duration, end });
}
return parts;
}
function mergeTexts(texts: string[]): string {
if (!texts.length) return "";
let result = texts[0];
for (let i = 1; i < texts.length; i++) {
const next = texts[i];
if (!next) continue;
const lastChar = result[result.length - 1];
const firstChar = next[0];
if (isCJK(lastChar) || isCJK(firstChar)) {
result += next;
} else {
result = result.trimEnd() + " " + next.trimStart();
}
}
return result.replace(/ {2,}/g, " ");
}
function segmentIntoSentences(snippets: Snippet[]): Sentence[] {
const parts: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
for (const s of snippets) parts.push(...splitSnippetAtPunctuation(s));
const sentences: Sentence[] = [];
let buf: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
for (const part of parts) {
buf.push(part);
if (SENTENCE_END_RE.test(part.text[part.text.length - 1])) {
sentences.push({
text: mergeTexts(buf.map(b => b.text)),
start: ts(buf[0].start),
end: ts(buf[buf.length - 1].end),
});
buf = [];
}
}
if (buf.length) {
sentences.push({
text: mergeTexts(buf.map(b => b.text)),
start: ts(buf[0].start),
end: ts(buf[buf.length - 1].end),
});
}
return sentences;
}
function parseTs(t: string): number {
const [h, m, s] = t.split(":").map(Number);
return h * 3600 + m * 60 + s;
}
function groupSentenceParas(sentences: Sentence[]): Paragraph[] {
if (!sentences.length) return [];
const paras: Paragraph[] = [];
let buf: Sentence[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < sentences.length; i++) {
buf.push(sentences[i]);
const last = i === sentences.length - 1;
const gap = !last && parseTs(sentences[i + 1].start) - parseTs(sentences[i].end) > 2;
if (last || gap || buf.length >= 5) {
paras.push({
text: mergeTexts(buf.map(s => s.text)),
start: parseTs(buf[0].start),
end: parseTs(buf[buf.length - 1].end),
});
buf = [];
}
}
return paras;
}
// --- Format functions ---
function formatSrt(snippets: Snippet[]): string {
return snippets
.map((s, i) => {
const end = i < snippets.length - 1 && snippets[i + 1].start < s.start + s.duration
? snippets[i + 1].start
: s.start + s.duration;
return `${i + 1}\n${tsMs(s.start, ",")} --> ${tsMs(end, ",")}\n${s.text}`;
})
.join("\n\n") + "\n";
}
function yamlEscape(s: string): string {
if (/[:"'{}\[\]#&*!|>%@`\n]/.test(s) || s.trim() !== s) return `"${s.replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/"/g, '\\"')}"`;
return s;
}
function extractSummary(description: string): string {
if (!description) return "";
const firstPara = description.split(/\n\s*\n/)[0].trim();
const lines = firstPara.split("\n").filter(l => !/^\s*(https?:\/\/|#|@|\d+:\d+)/.test(l) && l.trim());
return lines.join(" ").slice(0, 300).trim();
}
function formatMarkdown(sentences: Sentence[], meta: VideoMeta, opts: { timestamps: boolean; chapters: boolean; speakers: boolean }, snippets?: Snippet[]): string {
const summary = extractSummary(meta.description);
let md = "---\n";
md += `title: ${yamlEscape(meta.title)}\n`;
md += `channel: ${yamlEscape(meta.channel)}\n`;
if (meta.publishDate) md += `date: ${meta.publishDate}\n`;
md += `url: ${yamlEscape(meta.url)}\n`;
if (meta.coverImage) md += `cover: ${meta.coverImage}\n`;
if (summary) md += `description: ${yamlEscape(summary)}\n`;
if (meta.language) md += `language: ${meta.language.code}\n`;
md += "---\n\n";
if (opts.speakers) {
md += `# ${meta.title}\n\n`;
if (summary) md += `${summary}\n\n`;
if (meta.description) md += "# Description\n\n" + meta.description.trim() + "\n\n";
if (meta.chapters.length) {
md += "# Chapters\n\n";
for (const ch of meta.chapters) md += `* [${ts(ch.start)}] ${ch.title}\n`;
md += "\n";
}
md += "# Transcript\n\n";
md += snippets ? formatSrt(snippets) : "";
return md;
}
md += `# ${meta.title}\n\n`;
if (summary) md += `${summary}\n\n`;
const chapters = opts.chapters ? meta.chapters : [];
if (chapters.length) {
md += "## Table of Contents\n\n";
for (const ch of chapters) md += opts.timestamps ? `* [${ts(ch.start)}] ${ch.title}\n` : `* ${ch.title}\n`;
md += "\n";
if (meta.coverImage) md += `\n![cover](${meta.coverImage})\n`;
md += "\n";
for (let i = 0; i < chapters.length; i++) {
const nextStart = i < chapters.length - 1 ? chapters[i + 1].start : Infinity;
const chSentences = sentences.filter(s => parseTs(s.start) >= chapters[i].start && parseTs(s.start) < nextStart);
const paras = groupSentenceParas(chSentences);
md += opts.timestamps
? `## [${ts(chapters[i].start)}] ${chapters[i].title}\n\n`
: `## ${chapters[i].title}\n\n`;
for (const p of paras) md += opts.timestamps ? `${p.text} [${ts(p.start)}${ts(p.end)}]\n\n` : `${p.text}\n\n`;
md += "\n";
}
} else {
const paras = groupSentenceParas(sentences);
for (const p of paras) md += opts.timestamps ? `${p.text} [${ts(p.start)}${ts(p.end)}]\n\n` : `${p.text}\n\n`;
}
return md.trimEnd() + "\n";
}
function formatListOutput(videoId: string, title: string, transcripts: TranscriptInfo[]): string {
const manual = transcripts.filter((t) => !t.isGenerated);
const generated = transcripts.filter((t) => t.isGenerated);
const tlLangs = transcripts.find((t) => t.translationLanguages.length > 0)?.translationLanguages || [];
const fmtList = (list: TranscriptInfo[]) =>
list.length ? list.map((t) => ` - ${t.languageCode} ("${t.language}")${t.isTranslatable ? " [TRANSLATABLE]" : ""}`).join("\n") : "None";
const fmtTl = tlLangs.length
? tlLangs.map((t) => ` - ${t.languageCode} ("${t.language}")`).join("\n")
: "None";
return `Transcripts for ${videoId}${title ? ` (${title})` : ""}:\n\n(MANUALLY CREATED)\n${fmtList(manual)}\n\n(GENERATED)\n${fmtList(generated)}\n\n(TRANSLATION LANGUAGES)\n${fmtTl}`;
}
// --- File helpers ---
function ensureDir(p: string) {
const dir = dirname(p);
if (!existsSync(dir)) mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
}
function resolveBaseDir(outputDir: string): string {
return resolve(outputDir || "youtube-transcript");
}
function loadIndex(baseDir: string): Record<string, string> {
try { return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(baseDir, ".index.json"), "utf-8")); } catch { return {}; }
}
function saveIndex(baseDir: string, index: Record<string, string>) {
const p = join(baseDir, ".index.json");
ensureDir(p);
writeFileSync(p, JSON.stringify(index, null, 2));
}
function lookupVideoDir(videoId: string, baseDir: string): string | null {
const rel = loadIndex(baseDir)[videoId];
if (rel) {
const dir = resolve(baseDir, rel);
if (existsSync(dir)) return dir;
}
return null;
}
function registerVideoDir(videoId: string, channelSlug: string, titleSlug: string, baseDir: string): string {
const rel = join(channelSlug, titleSlug);
const index = loadIndex(baseDir);
index[videoId] = rel;
saveIndex(baseDir, index);
return resolve(baseDir, rel);
}
function hasCachedData(videoDir: string): boolean {
return existsSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json")) && existsSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-raw.json"));
}
function loadMeta(videoDir: string): VideoMeta {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json"), "utf-8"));
}
function loadSnippets(videoDir: string): Snippet[] {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-raw.json"), "utf-8"));
}
function loadSentences(videoDir: string): Sentence[] {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-sentences.json"), "utf-8"));
}
// --- Main processing ---
async function fetchAndCache(videoId: string, baseDir: string, opts: Options): Promise<{ meta: VideoMeta; snippets: Snippet[]; sentences: Sentence[]; videoDir: string }> {
const html = await fetchHtml(videoId);
const apiKey = extractApiKey(html, videoId);
const data = await fetchInnertubeData(videoId, apiKey);
const captionsJson = extractCaptionsJson(data, videoId);
const transcripts = buildTranscriptList(captionsJson);
const info = findTranscript(transcripts, opts.languages, opts.excludeGenerated, opts.excludeManual);
const result = await fetchTranscriptSnippets(info, opts.translate || undefined);
const description = data?.videoDetails?.shortDescription || "";
const duration = parseInt(data?.videoDetails?.lengthSeconds || "0");
import { writeFileSync } from "fs";
import { join, resolve } from "path";
import { extractVideoId, slugify } from "./shared.ts";
import {
ensureDir,
hasCachedData,
loadMeta,
loadSentences,
loadSnippets,
lookupVideoDir,
registerVideoDir,
resolveBaseDir,
} from "./storage.ts";
import { findTranscript, formatListOutput, formatMarkdown, formatSrt, segmentIntoSentences } from "./transcript.ts";
import type { Options, Sentence, Snippet, VideoMeta, VideoResult } from "./types.ts";
import {
buildVideoMeta,
buildVideoMetaFromYtDlp,
downloadCoverImage,
fetchTranscriptSnippets,
fetchVideoSource,
getThumbnailUrls,
getYtDlpThumbnailUrls,
parseChapters,
} from "./youtube.ts";
async function fetchAndCache(
videoId: string,
baseDir: string,
opts: Options
): Promise<{ meta: VideoMeta; snippets: Snippet[]; sentences: Sentence[]; videoDir: string }> {
const source = await fetchVideoSource(videoId);
const requestedLanguages = source.kind === "yt-dlp" && opts.translate ? [opts.translate] : opts.languages;
const transcript = findTranscript(source.transcripts, requestedLanguages, opts.excludeGenerated, opts.excludeManual);
const result = await fetchTranscriptSnippets(transcript, source.kind === "yt-dlp" ? undefined : opts.translate || undefined);
const description = source.kind === "yt-dlp"
? source.info.description || ""
: source.data?.videoDetails?.shortDescription || "";
const duration = source.kind === "yt-dlp"
? Number(source.info.duration || 0)
: parseInt(source.data?.videoDetails?.lengthSeconds || "0");
const chapters = parseChapters(description, duration);
const langInfo = { code: result.languageCode, name: result.language, isGenerated: info.isGenerated };
const meta = buildVideoMeta(data, videoId, langInfo, chapters);
const language = {
code: result.languageCode,
name: result.language,
isGenerated: transcript.isGenerated,
};
const meta = source.kind === "yt-dlp"
? buildVideoMetaFromYtDlp(source.info, videoId, language, chapters)
: buildVideoMeta(source.data, videoId, language, chapters);
const videoDir = registerVideoDir(videoId, slugify(meta.channel), slugify(meta.title), baseDir);
ensureDir(join(videoDir, "meta.json"));
@@ -663,9 +59,12 @@ async function fetchAndCache(videoId: string, baseDir: string, opts: Options): P
const sentences = segmentIntoSentences(result.snippets);
writeFileSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-sentences.json"), JSON.stringify(sentences, null, 2));
const imgPath = join(videoDir, "imgs", "cover.jpg");
ensureDir(imgPath);
const downloaded = await downloadCoverImage(getThumbnailUrls(videoId, data), imgPath);
const imagePath = join(videoDir, "imgs", "cover.jpg");
ensureDir(imagePath);
const downloaded = await downloadCoverImage(
source.kind === "yt-dlp" ? getYtDlpThumbnailUrls(videoId, source.info) : getThumbnailUrls(videoId, source.data),
imagePath
);
meta.coverImage = downloaded ? "imgs/cover.jpg" : "";
writeFileSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json"), JSON.stringify(meta, null, 2));
@@ -676,15 +75,10 @@ async function fetchAndCache(videoId: string, baseDir: string, opts: Options): P
async function processVideo(videoId: string, opts: Options): Promise<VideoResult> {
const baseDir = resolveBaseDir(opts.outputDir);
// --list: always fetch fresh
if (opts.list) {
const html = await fetchHtml(videoId);
const apiKey = extractApiKey(html, videoId);
const data = await fetchInnertubeData(videoId, apiKey);
const title = data?.videoDetails?.title || "";
const captionsJson = extractCaptionsJson(data, videoId);
const transcripts = buildTranscriptList(captionsJson);
return { videoId, title, content: formatListOutput(videoId, title, transcripts) };
const source = await fetchVideoSource(videoId);
const title = source.kind === "yt-dlp" ? source.info.title || "" : source.data?.videoDetails?.title || "";
return { videoId, title, content: formatListOutput(videoId, title, source.transcripts) };
}
let videoDir = lookupVideoDir(videoId, baseDir);
@@ -697,16 +91,17 @@ async function processVideo(videoId: string, opts: Options): Promise<VideoResult
meta = loadMeta(videoDir);
snippets = loadSnippets(videoDir);
sentences = loadSentences(videoDir);
const wantLangs = opts.translate ? [opts.translate] : opts.languages;
if (!wantLangs.includes(meta.language.code)) needsFetch = true;
// Backfill chapter end times for caches created before this field existed
if (!needsFetch && meta.chapters.length > 0 && meta.chapters.some((ch: any) => ch.end === undefined)) {
const wantedLanguages = opts.translate ? [opts.translate] : opts.languages;
if (!wantedLanguages.includes(meta.language.code)) needsFetch = true;
if (!needsFetch && meta.chapters.length > 0 && meta.chapters.some((chapter: any) => chapter.end === undefined)) {
for (let i = 0; i < meta.chapters.length; i++) {
meta.chapters[i].end = i < meta.chapters.length - 1
? meta.chapters[i + 1].start
: Math.max(meta.duration, meta.chapters[i].start);
}
try { writeFileSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json"), JSON.stringify(meta, null, 2)); } catch {}
try {
writeFileSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json"), JSON.stringify(meta, null, 2));
} catch {}
}
}
@@ -722,21 +117,19 @@ async function processVideo(videoId: string, opts: Options): Promise<VideoResult
sentences = sentences!;
}
let content: string;
let ext: string;
if (opts.format === "srt") {
content = formatSrt(snippets);
ext = "srt";
} else {
content = formatMarkdown(sentences, meta, {
timestamps: opts.timestamps,
chapters: opts.chapters,
speakers: opts.speakers,
}, snippets);
ext = "md";
}
const content = opts.format === "srt"
? formatSrt(snippets)
: formatMarkdown(
sentences,
meta,
{
timestamps: opts.timestamps,
chapters: opts.chapters,
speakers: opts.speakers,
},
snippets
);
const ext = opts.format === "srt" ? "srt" : "md";
const filePath = opts.output ? resolve(opts.output) : join(videoDir!, `transcript.${ext}`);
ensureDir(filePath);
writeFileSync(filePath, content);
@@ -744,8 +137,6 @@ async function processVideo(videoId: string, opts: Options): Promise<VideoResult
return { videoId, title: meta.title, filePath };
}
// --- CLI ---
function printHelp() {
console.log(`Usage: bun main.ts <video-url-or-id> [options]
@@ -789,13 +180,13 @@ function parseArgs(argv: string[]): Options | null {
printHelp();
process.exit(0);
} else if (arg === "--languages") {
const v = argv[++i];
if (v) opts.languages = v.split(",").map((s) => s.trim());
const value = argv[++i];
if (value) opts.languages = value.split(",").map((entry) => entry.trim());
} else if (arg === "--format") {
const v = argv[++i]?.toLowerCase();
if (v === "text" || v === "srt") opts.format = v;
const value = argv[++i]?.toLowerCase();
if (value === "text" || value === "srt") opts.format = value;
else {
console.error(`Invalid format: ${v}. Use: text, srt`);
console.error(`Invalid format: ${value}. Use: text, srt`);
return null;
}
} else if (arg === "--translate") {
@@ -830,6 +221,7 @@ function parseArgs(argv: string[]): Options | null {
printHelp();
return null;
}
return opts;
}
@@ -844,14 +236,16 @@ async function main() {
for (const videoId of opts.videoIds) {
try {
const r = await processVideo(videoId, opts);
if (r.error) console.error(`Error (${r.videoId}): ${r.error}`);
else if (r.filePath) console.log(r.filePath);
else if (r.content) console.log(r.content);
} catch (e) {
console.error(`Error (${videoId}): ${(e as Error).message}`);
const result = await processVideo(videoId, opts);
if (result.error) console.error(`Error (${result.videoId}): ${result.error}`);
else if (result.filePath) console.log(result.filePath);
else if (result.content) console.log(result.content);
} catch (error) {
console.error(`Error (${videoId}): ${(error as Error).message}`);
}
}
}
main();
if (import.meta.main) {
main();
}
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
import type { TranscriptError } from "./types.ts";
export function extractVideoId(input: string): string {
input = input.replace(/\\/g, "").trim();
const patterns = [
/(?:youtube\.com\/watch\?.*v=|youtu\.be\/|youtube\.com\/embed\/|youtube\.com\/v\/|youtube\.com\/shorts\/)([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/,
/^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})$/,
];
for (const pattern of patterns) {
const match = input.match(pattern);
if (match) return match[1];
}
return input;
}
export function slugify(value: string): string {
return value
.toLowerCase()
.replace(/[^\w\s-]/g, "")
.replace(/\s+/g, "-")
.replace(/-+/g, "-")
.replace(/^-|-$/g, "") || "untitled";
}
export function htmlUnescape(value: string): string {
return value
.replace(/&amp;/g, "&")
.replace(/&lt;/g, "<")
.replace(/&gt;/g, ">")
.replace(/&quot;/g, '"')
.replace(/&#39;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#x27;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#x2F;/g, "/")
.replace(/&apos;/g, "'")
.replace(/&#(\d+);/g, (_, n) => String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n)))
.replace(/&#x([0-9a-fA-F]+);/g, (_, n) => String.fromCharCode(parseInt(n, 16)));
}
export function stripTags(value: string): string {
return value.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, "");
}
export function makeError(message: string, code?: string): Error {
const error = new Error(message) as TranscriptError;
if (code) error.code = code;
return error;
}
export function normalizeError(error: unknown): TranscriptError {
if (error instanceof Error) {
const known = error as TranscriptError;
if (known.code) return known;
const message = known.message || String(error);
const lower = message.toLowerCase();
if (lower.includes("bot detected")) known.code = "BOT_DETECTED";
else if (lower.includes("age restricted")) known.code = "AGE_RESTRICTED";
else if (lower.includes("video unavailable")) known.code = "VIDEO_UNAVAILABLE";
else if (lower.includes("transcripts disabled")) known.code = "TRANSCRIPTS_DISABLED";
else if (lower.includes("no transcript found")) known.code = "NO_TRANSCRIPT";
else if (lower.includes("invalid video id")) known.code = "INVALID_VIDEO_ID";
else if (lower.includes("ip blocked") || lower.includes("recaptcha") || lower.includes("http 429")) known.code = "IP_BLOCKED";
else if (lower.includes("cannot extract api key")) known.code = "PAGE_FETCH_FAILED";
else if (lower.includes("innertube api") || lower.includes("http 403")) known.code = "INNERTUBE_REJECTED";
else if (lower.includes("yt-dlp fallback failed")) known.code = "YT_DLP_FAILED";
return known;
}
return makeError(String(error), "UNKNOWN") as TranscriptError;
}
export function shouldTryAlternateClient(error: unknown): boolean {
const code = normalizeError(error).code;
return code === "BOT_DETECTED" || code === "IP_BLOCKED" || code === "INNERTUBE_REJECTED" || code === "AGE_RESTRICTED" || code === "VIDEO_UNAVAILABLE";
}
export function shouldTryYtDlpFallback(error: unknown): boolean {
const code = normalizeError(error).code;
return code === "BOT_DETECTED" || code === "IP_BLOCKED" || code === "INNERTUBE_REJECTED" || code === "PAGE_FETCH_FAILED" || code === "AGE_RESTRICTED" || code === "VIDEO_UNAVAILABLE";
}
export function normalizePublishDate(uploadDate?: string): string {
if (!uploadDate || !/^\d{8}$/.test(uploadDate)) return uploadDate || "";
return `${uploadDate.slice(0, 4)}-${uploadDate.slice(4, 6)}-${uploadDate.slice(6, 8)}`;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "fs";
import { dirname, join, resolve } from "path";
import type { Sentence, Snippet, VideoMeta } from "./types.ts";
export function ensureDir(path: string) {
const dir = dirname(path);
if (!existsSync(dir)) mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
}
export function resolveBaseDir(outputDir: string): string {
return resolve(outputDir || "youtube-transcript");
}
function loadIndex(baseDir: string): Record<string, string> {
try {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(baseDir, ".index.json"), "utf-8"));
} catch {
return {};
}
}
function saveIndex(baseDir: string, index: Record<string, string>) {
const path = join(baseDir, ".index.json");
ensureDir(path);
writeFileSync(path, JSON.stringify(index, null, 2));
}
export function lookupVideoDir(videoId: string, baseDir: string): string | null {
const rel = loadIndex(baseDir)[videoId];
if (rel) {
const dir = resolve(baseDir, rel);
if (existsSync(dir)) return dir;
}
return null;
}
export function registerVideoDir(videoId: string, channelSlug: string, titleSlug: string, baseDir: string): string {
const rel = join(channelSlug, titleSlug);
const index = loadIndex(baseDir);
index[videoId] = rel;
saveIndex(baseDir, index);
return resolve(baseDir, rel);
}
export function hasCachedData(videoDir: string): boolean {
return existsSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json")) && existsSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-raw.json"));
}
export function loadMeta(videoDir: string): VideoMeta {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "meta.json"), "utf-8"));
}
export function loadSnippets(videoDir: string): Snippet[] {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-raw.json"), "utf-8"));
}
export function loadSentences(videoDir: string): Sentence[] {
return JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(videoDir, "transcript-sentences.json"), "utf-8"));
}
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
import { htmlUnescape, makeError, stripTags } from "./shared.ts";
import type { Sentence, Snippet, TranscriptInfo, VideoMeta } from "./types.ts";
interface Paragraph {
text: string;
start: number;
end: number;
}
const SENTENCE_END_RE = /[.?!…。?!⁈⁇‼‽.]/;
export function parseTranscriptXml(xml: string): Snippet[] {
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
const pattern = /<text\s+start="([^"]*)"(?:\s+dur="([^"]*)")?[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/text>/g;
let match: RegExpExecArray | null;
while ((match = pattern.exec(xml)) !== null) {
const raw = match[3];
if (!raw) continue;
snippets.push({
text: htmlUnescape(stripTags(raw)),
start: parseFloat(match[1]),
duration: parseFloat(match[2] || "0"),
});
}
return snippets;
}
export function parseTranscriptJson3(text: string): Snippet[] {
const data = JSON.parse(text);
const events = Array.isArray(data?.events) ? data.events : [];
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
for (const event of events) {
const segs = Array.isArray(event?.segs) ? event.segs : [];
const textParts = segs
.map((seg: any) => htmlUnescape(String(seg?.utf8 || "").replace(/\n+/g, " ").trim()))
.filter(Boolean);
const merged = mergeTexts(textParts).trim();
if (!merged) continue;
snippets.push({
text: merged,
start: Number(event?.tStartMs || 0) / 1000,
duration: Number(event?.dDurationMs || 0) / 1000,
});
}
return snippets;
}
function parseSrt(srt: string): Snippet[] {
const blocks = srt.trim().split(/\n\n+/);
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
for (const block of blocks) {
const lines = block.split("\n");
if (lines.length < 3) continue;
const match = lines[1].match(/(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}),(\d{3})\s*-->\s*(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}),(\d{3})/);
if (!match) continue;
const start = parseInt(match[1]) * 3600 + parseInt(match[2]) * 60 + parseInt(match[3]) + parseInt(match[4]) / 1000;
const end = parseInt(match[5]) * 3600 + parseInt(match[6]) * 60 + parseInt(match[7]) + parseInt(match[8]) / 1000;
snippets.push({ text: lines.slice(2).join(" "), start, duration: end - start });
}
return snippets;
}
export function parseWebVtt(vtt: string): Snippet[] {
const blocks = vtt
.replace(/^WEBVTT\s*/m, "")
.trim()
.split(/\n\n+/);
const snippets: Snippet[] = [];
for (const block of blocks) {
const lines = block.split("\n").map((line) => line.trim()).filter(Boolean);
const tsLine = lines.find((line) => line.includes("-->"));
if (!tsLine) continue;
const match = tsLine.match(
/(?:(\d{2}):)?(\d{2}):(\d{2})\.(\d{3})\s*-->\s*(?:(\d{2}):)?(\d{2}):(\d{2})\.(\d{3})/
);
if (!match) continue;
const start =
(match[1] ? parseInt(match[1]) : 0) * 3600 +
parseInt(match[2]) * 60 +
parseInt(match[3]) +
parseInt(match[4]) / 1000;
const end =
(match[5] ? parseInt(match[5]) : 0) * 3600 +
parseInt(match[6]) * 60 +
parseInt(match[7]) +
parseInt(match[8]) / 1000;
const text = htmlUnescape(stripTags(lines.slice(lines.indexOf(tsLine) + 1).join(" ").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim()));
if (!text) continue;
snippets.push({ text, start, duration: end - start });
}
return snippets;
}
export function parseTranscriptPayload(payload: string, url: string): Snippet[] {
const normalized = payload.trimStart();
if (url.includes("fmt=json3") || normalized.startsWith("{")) return parseTranscriptJson3(payload);
if (normalized.startsWith("WEBVTT")) return parseWebVtt(payload);
if (/^\d+\s*\n\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2},\d{3}\s*-->/.test(normalized)) return parseSrt(payload);
return parseTranscriptXml(payload);
}
function isCJK(ch: string): boolean {
const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
return (code >= 0x4E00 && code <= 0x9FFF) ||
(code >= 0x3040 && code <= 0x309F) ||
(code >= 0x30A0 && code <= 0x30FF) ||
(code >= 0xAC00 && code <= 0xD7AF) ||
(code >= 0x3400 && code <= 0x4DBF) ||
(code >= 0xF900 && code <= 0xFAFF);
}
function splitSnippetAtPunctuation(snippet: Snippet): { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] {
const { text, start, duration } = snippet;
const end = start + duration;
if (!text.length) return [];
const splitPoints: number[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
if (SENTENCE_END_RE.test(text[i])) {
while (i + 1 < text.length && SENTENCE_END_RE.test(text[i + 1])) i++;
if (i < text.length - 1) splitPoints.push(i);
}
}
if (!splitPoints.length) return [{ text, start, end }];
const parts: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
let prev = 0;
for (const pos of splitPoints) {
const partText = text.slice(prev, pos + 1).trim();
if (partText) {
parts.push({
text: partText,
start: start + (prev / text.length) * duration,
end: start + ((pos + 1) / text.length) * duration,
});
}
prev = pos + 1;
}
const remaining = text.slice(prev).trim();
if (remaining) parts.push({ text: remaining, start: start + (prev / text.length) * duration, end });
return parts;
}
function mergeTexts(texts: string[]): string {
if (!texts.length) return "";
let result = texts[0];
for (let i = 1; i < texts.length; i++) {
const next = texts[i];
if (!next) continue;
const lastChar = result[result.length - 1];
const firstChar = next[0];
if (isCJK(lastChar) || isCJK(firstChar)) {
result += next;
} else {
result = result.trimEnd() + " " + next.trimStart();
}
}
return result.replace(/ {2,}/g, " ");
}
export function ts(time: number): string {
const h = Math.floor(time / 3600);
const m = Math.floor((time % 3600) / 60);
const s = Math.floor(time % 60);
return `${String(h).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(m).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(s).padStart(2, "0")}`;
}
function tsMs(time: number, sep: string): string {
const h = Math.floor(time / 3600);
const m = Math.floor((time % 3600) / 60);
const s = Math.floor(time % 60);
const ms = Math.round((time - Math.floor(time)) * 1000);
return `${String(h).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(m).padStart(2, "0")}:${String(s).padStart(2, "0")}${sep}${String(ms).padStart(3, "0")}`;
}
function parseTs(time: string): number {
const [h, m, s] = time.split(":").map(Number);
return h * 3600 + m * 60 + s;
}
export function segmentIntoSentences(snippets: Snippet[]): Sentence[] {
const parts: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
for (const snippet of snippets) parts.push(...splitSnippetAtPunctuation(snippet));
const sentences: Sentence[] = [];
let buffer: { text: string; start: number; end: number }[] = [];
for (const part of parts) {
buffer.push(part);
if (SENTENCE_END_RE.test(part.text[part.text.length - 1])) {
sentences.push({
text: mergeTexts(buffer.map((entry) => entry.text)),
start: ts(buffer[0].start),
end: ts(buffer[buffer.length - 1].end),
});
buffer = [];
}
}
if (buffer.length) {
sentences.push({
text: mergeTexts(buffer.map((entry) => entry.text)),
start: ts(buffer[0].start),
end: ts(buffer[buffer.length - 1].end),
});
}
return sentences;
}
function groupSentenceParas(sentences: Sentence[]): Paragraph[] {
if (!sentences.length) return [];
const paragraphs: Paragraph[] = [];
let buffer: Sentence[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < sentences.length; i++) {
buffer.push(sentences[i]);
const last = i === sentences.length - 1;
const gap = !last && parseTs(sentences[i + 1].start) - parseTs(sentences[i].end) > 2;
if (last || gap || buffer.length >= 5) {
paragraphs.push({
text: mergeTexts(buffer.map((sentence) => sentence.text)),
start: parseTs(buffer[0].start),
end: parseTs(buffer[buffer.length - 1].end),
});
buffer = [];
}
}
return paragraphs;
}
export function formatSrt(snippets: Snippet[]): string {
return snippets
.map((snippet, index) => {
const end = index < snippets.length - 1 && snippets[index + 1].start < snippet.start + snippet.duration
? snippets[index + 1].start
: snippet.start + snippet.duration;
return `${index + 1}\n${tsMs(snippet.start, ",")} --> ${tsMs(end, ",")}\n${snippet.text}`;
})
.join("\n\n") + "\n";
}
function yamlEscape(value: string): string {
if (/[:"'{}\[\]#&*!|>%@`\n]/.test(value) || value.trim() !== value) {
return `"${value.replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/"/g, '\\"')}"`;
}
return value;
}
function extractSummary(description: string): string {
if (!description) return "";
const firstPara = description.split(/\n\s*\n/)[0].trim();
const lines = firstPara.split("\n").filter((line) => !/^\s*(https?:\/\/|#|@|\d+:\d+)/.test(line) && line.trim());
return lines.join(" ").slice(0, 300).trim();
}
export function formatMarkdown(
sentences: Sentence[],
meta: VideoMeta,
opts: { timestamps: boolean; chapters: boolean; speakers: boolean },
snippets?: Snippet[]
): string {
const summary = extractSummary(meta.description);
let md = "---\n";
md += `title: ${yamlEscape(meta.title)}\n`;
md += `channel: ${yamlEscape(meta.channel)}\n`;
if (meta.publishDate) md += `date: ${meta.publishDate}\n`;
md += `url: ${yamlEscape(meta.url)}\n`;
if (meta.coverImage) md += `cover: ${meta.coverImage}\n`;
if (summary) md += `description: ${yamlEscape(summary)}\n`;
if (meta.language) md += `language: ${meta.language.code}\n`;
md += "---\n\n";
if (opts.speakers) {
md += `# ${meta.title}\n\n`;
if (summary) md += `${summary}\n\n`;
if (meta.description) md += `# Description\n\n${meta.description.trim()}\n\n`;
if (meta.chapters.length) {
md += "# Chapters\n\n";
for (const chapter of meta.chapters) md += `* [${ts(chapter.start)}] ${chapter.title}\n`;
md += "\n";
}
md += "# Transcript\n\n";
md += snippets ? formatSrt(snippets) : "";
return md;
}
md += `# ${meta.title}\n\n`;
if (summary) md += `${summary}\n\n`;
const chapters = opts.chapters ? meta.chapters : [];
if (chapters.length) {
md += "## Table of Contents\n\n";
for (const chapter of chapters) md += opts.timestamps ? `* [${ts(chapter.start)}] ${chapter.title}\n` : `* ${chapter.title}\n`;
md += "\n";
if (meta.coverImage) md += `\n![cover](${meta.coverImage})\n`;
md += "\n";
for (let i = 0; i < chapters.length; i++) {
const nextStart = i < chapters.length - 1 ? chapters[i + 1].start : Infinity;
const chapterSentences = sentences.filter((sentence) => parseTs(sentence.start) >= chapters[i].start && parseTs(sentence.start) < nextStart);
const paragraphs = groupSentenceParas(chapterSentences);
md += opts.timestamps ? `## [${ts(chapters[i].start)}] ${chapters[i].title}\n\n` : `## ${chapters[i].title}\n\n`;
for (const paragraph of paragraphs) {
md += opts.timestamps ? `${paragraph.text} [${ts(paragraph.start)}${ts(paragraph.end)}]\n\n` : `${paragraph.text}\n\n`;
}
md += "\n";
}
} else {
const paragraphs = groupSentenceParas(sentences);
for (const paragraph of paragraphs) {
md += opts.timestamps ? `${paragraph.text} [${ts(paragraph.start)}${ts(paragraph.end)}]\n\n` : `${paragraph.text}\n\n`;
}
}
return md.trimEnd() + "\n";
}
export function formatListOutput(videoId: string, title: string, transcripts: TranscriptInfo[]): string {
const manual = transcripts.filter((transcript) => !transcript.isGenerated);
const generated = transcripts.filter((transcript) => transcript.isGenerated);
const translationLanguages = transcripts.find((transcript) => transcript.translationLanguages.length > 0)?.translationLanguages || [];
const formatList = (list: TranscriptInfo[]) =>
list.length
? list.map((transcript) => ` - ${transcript.languageCode} ("${transcript.language}")${transcript.isTranslatable ? " [TRANSLATABLE]" : ""}`).join("\n")
: "None";
const formatTranslations = translationLanguages.length
? translationLanguages.map((language) => ` - ${language.languageCode} ("${language.language}")`).join("\n")
: "None";
return `Transcripts for ${videoId}${title ? ` (${title})` : ""}:\n\n(MANUALLY CREATED)\n${formatList(manual)}\n\n(GENERATED)\n${formatList(generated)}\n\n(TRANSLATION LANGUAGES)\n${formatTranslations}`;
}
export function findTranscript(
transcripts: TranscriptInfo[],
languages: string[],
excludeGenerated: boolean,
excludeManual: boolean
): TranscriptInfo {
let filtered = transcripts;
if (excludeGenerated) filtered = filtered.filter((transcript) => !transcript.isGenerated);
if (excludeManual) filtered = filtered.filter((transcript) => transcript.isGenerated);
for (const language of languages) {
const found = filtered.find((transcript) => transcript.languageCode === language);
if (found) return found;
}
const available = filtered.map((transcript) => `${transcript.languageCode} ("${transcript.language}")`).join(", ");
throw makeError(`No transcript found for languages [${languages.join(", ")}]. Available: ${available || "none"}`, "NO_TRANSCRIPT");
}
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
export type Format = "text" | "srt";
export interface Options {
videoIds: string[];
languages: string[];
format: Format;
translate: string;
list: boolean;
excludeGenerated: boolean;
excludeManual: boolean;
output: string;
outputDir: string;
timestamps: boolean;
chapters: boolean;
speakers: boolean;
refresh: boolean;
}
export interface Snippet {
text: string;
start: number;
duration: number;
}
export interface Sentence {
text: string;
start: string;
end: string;
}
export interface TranscriptLanguage {
language: string;
languageCode: string;
}
export interface TranscriptInfo {
language: string;
languageCode: string;
isGenerated: boolean;
isTranslatable: boolean;
baseUrl: string;
translationLanguages: TranscriptLanguage[];
}
export interface Chapter {
title: string;
start: number;
end: number;
}
export interface LanguageMeta {
code: string;
name: string;
isGenerated: boolean;
}
export interface VideoMeta {
videoId: string;
title: string;
channel: string;
channelId: string;
description: string;
duration: number;
publishDate: string;
url: string;
coverImage: string;
thumbnailUrl: string;
language: LanguageMeta;
chapters: Chapter[];
}
export interface VideoResult {
videoId: string;
title?: string;
filePath?: string;
content?: string;
error?: string;
}
export interface InnerTubeSession {
apiKey: string;
webClientVersion: string;
visitorData: string;
}
export interface InnerTubeClient {
id: string;
clientName: string;
clientVersion?: string;
clientHeaderName?: string;
userAgent: string;
extraContext?: Record<string, any>;
}
export interface TranscriptError extends Error {
code?: string;
}
export interface YtDlpTrack {
ext?: string;
url?: string;
name?: string;
}
export interface YtDlpInfo {
title?: string;
channel?: string;
channel_id?: string;
uploader?: string;
uploader_id?: string;
description?: string;
duration?: number;
upload_date?: string;
webpage_url?: string;
thumbnail?: string;
thumbnails?: { url?: string; width?: number; height?: number }[];
subtitles?: Record<string, YtDlpTrack[]>;
automatic_captions?: Record<string, YtDlpTrack[]>;
}
export type VideoSource =
| { kind: "innertube"; data: any; transcripts: TranscriptInfo[] }
| { kind: "yt-dlp"; info: YtDlpInfo; transcripts: TranscriptInfo[] };
@@ -0,0 +1,477 @@
import { spawnSync } from "child_process";
import { writeFileSync } from "fs";
import { makeError, normalizeError, normalizePublishDate, shouldTryAlternateClient, shouldTryYtDlpFallback } from "./shared.ts";
import { parseTranscriptPayload } from "./transcript.ts";
import type {
Chapter,
InnerTubeClient,
InnerTubeSession,
LanguageMeta,
Snippet,
TranscriptInfo,
VideoMeta,
VideoSource,
YtDlpInfo,
YtDlpTrack,
} from "./types.ts";
const WATCH_URL = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=";
const INNERTUBE_URL = "https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/player";
const WATCH_PAGE_USER_AGENT =
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/134.0.0.0 Safari/537.36";
const DEFAULT_WEB_CLIENT_VERSION = "2.20260320.08.00";
const YT_DLP_MAX_BUFFER = 32 * 1024 * 1024;
let cachedYtDlpCommand: { command: string; args: string[]; label: string } | null | undefined;
const INNER_TUBE_CLIENTS: InnerTubeClient[] = [
{
id: "android",
clientName: "ANDROID",
clientHeaderName: "3",
clientVersion: "20.10.38",
userAgent:
"com.google.android.youtube/20.10.38 (Linux; U; Android 14; en_US; Pixel 8 Pro; Build/AP1A.240405.002)",
extraContext: {
clientFormFactor: "SMALL_FORM_FACTOR",
androidSdkVersion: 34,
osName: "Android",
osVersion: "14",
platform: "MOBILE",
},
},
{
id: "web",
clientName: "WEB",
clientHeaderName: "1",
userAgent: WATCH_PAGE_USER_AGENT,
},
{
id: "ios",
clientName: "IOS",
clientHeaderName: "5",
clientVersion: "20.10.4",
userAgent:
"com.google.ios.youtube/20.10.4 (iPhone16,2; U; CPU iOS 18_3 like Mac OS X; en_US)",
extraContext: {
deviceMake: "Apple",
deviceModel: "iPhone16,2",
osName: "iPhone",
osVersion: "18.3.0.22D5054f",
platform: "MOBILE",
},
},
];
async function fetchHtml(videoId: string): Promise<string> {
const watchUrl = `${WATCH_URL}${videoId}&hl=en&persist_hl=1&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999`;
const baseHeaders = {
Accept: "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.9",
"Cache-Control": "no-cache",
Pragma: "no-cache",
"User-Agent": WATCH_PAGE_USER_AGENT,
};
const response = await fetch(watchUrl, { headers: baseHeaders });
if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status} fetching video page`);
let html = await response.text();
if (html.includes('action="https://consent.youtube.com/s"')) {
const consentValue = html.match(/name="v" value="(.*?)"/);
if (!consentValue) throw new Error("Failed to create consent cookie");
const consentResponse = await fetch(watchUrl, {
headers: {
...baseHeaders,
Cookie: `CONSENT=YES+${consentValue[1]}`,
},
});
if (!consentResponse.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${consentResponse.status} fetching video page (consent)`);
html = await consentResponse.text();
}
return html;
}
function extractSession(html: string, videoId: string): InnerTubeSession {
const apiKey = html.match(/"INNERTUBE_API_KEY":\s*"([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)"/)?.[1];
if (!apiKey) {
if (html.includes('class="g-recaptcha"')) throw new Error(`IP blocked for ${videoId} (reCAPTCHA)`);
throw new Error(`Cannot extract API key for ${videoId}`);
}
const webClientVersion =
html.match(/"INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION":\s*"([^"]+)"/)?.[1] ||
html.match(/"clientVersion":"([^"]+)"/)?.[1] ||
DEFAULT_WEB_CLIENT_VERSION;
const visitorData =
html.match(/"VISITOR_DATA":"([^"]+)"/)?.[1] ||
html.match(/"visitorData":"([^"]+)"/)?.[1] ||
"";
return { apiKey, webClientVersion, visitorData };
}
function buildInnerTubeContext(client: InnerTubeClient, session: InnerTubeSession, videoId: string) {
return {
context: {
client: {
hl: "en",
gl: "US",
utcOffsetMinutes: 0,
visitorData: session.visitorData,
clientName: client.clientName,
clientVersion: client.clientVersion || session.webClientVersion,
...client.extraContext,
},
request: { useSsl: true },
},
videoId,
};
}
async function fetchInnertubeData(videoId: string, session: InnerTubeSession, client: InnerTubeClient): Promise<any> {
const clientVersion = client.clientVersion || session.webClientVersion;
const headers: Record<string, string> = {
Accept: "application/json",
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.9",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
Origin: "https://www.youtube.com",
Referer: `${WATCH_URL}${videoId}`,
"User-Agent": client.userAgent,
"X-YouTube-Client-Name": client.clientHeaderName || "1",
"X-YouTube-Client-Version": clientVersion,
};
if (session.visitorData) headers["X-Goog-Visitor-Id"] = session.visitorData;
const response = await fetch(`${INNERTUBE_URL}?key=${session.apiKey}&prettyPrint=false`, {
method: "POST",
headers,
body: JSON.stringify(buildInnerTubeContext(client, session, videoId)),
});
if (response.status === 429) throw new Error(`IP blocked for ${videoId} (429)`);
if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status} from InnerTube API`);
return response.json();
}
function assertPlayability(data: any, videoId: string) {
const playabilityStatus = data?.playabilityStatus;
if (!playabilityStatus) return;
const status = playabilityStatus.status;
if (status === "OK" || !status) return;
const reason = playabilityStatus.reason || "";
const reasonLower = reason.toLowerCase();
if (status === "LOGIN_REQUIRED") {
if (reasonLower.includes("bot")) throw makeError(`Request blocked for ${videoId}: bot detected`, "BOT_DETECTED");
if (reasonLower.includes("inappropriate")) throw makeError(`Age restricted: ${videoId}`, "AGE_RESTRICTED");
}
if (status === "ERROR" && reasonLower.includes("unavailable")) {
if (videoId.startsWith("http")) throw makeError("Invalid video ID: pass the ID, not the URL", "INVALID_VIDEO_ID");
throw makeError(`Video unavailable: ${videoId}`, "VIDEO_UNAVAILABLE");
}
const subreasons = playabilityStatus.errorScreen?.playerErrorMessageRenderer?.subreason?.runs?.map((run: any) => run.text).join("") || "";
throw new Error(`Video unplayable (${videoId}): ${reason} ${subreasons}`.trim());
}
function extractCaptionsJson(data: any, videoId: string): any {
assertPlayability(data, videoId);
const captionsJson = data?.captions?.playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer;
if (!captionsJson || !captionsJson.captionTracks) throw makeError(`Transcripts disabled for ${videoId}`, "TRANSCRIPTS_DISABLED");
return captionsJson;
}
function buildTranscriptList(captionsJson: any): TranscriptInfo[] {
const translationLanguages = (captionsJson.translationLanguages || []).map((language: any) => ({
language: language.languageName?.runs?.[0]?.text || language.languageName?.simpleText || "",
languageCode: language.languageCode,
}));
return (captionsJson.captionTracks || []).map((track: any) => ({
language: track.name?.runs?.[0]?.text || track.name?.simpleText || "",
languageCode: track.languageCode,
isGenerated: track.kind === "asr",
isTranslatable: !!track.isTranslatable,
baseUrl: track.baseUrl || "",
translationLanguages: track.isTranslatable ? translationLanguages : [],
}));
}
export async function fetchTranscriptSnippets(
info: TranscriptInfo,
translateTo?: string
): Promise<{ snippets: Snippet[]; language: string; languageCode: string }> {
let url = info.baseUrl;
let language = info.language;
let languageCode = info.languageCode;
if (translateTo) {
if (!info.isTranslatable) throw new Error(`Transcript ${info.languageCode} is not translatable`);
const translatedLanguage = info.translationLanguages.find((entry) => entry.languageCode === translateTo);
if (!translatedLanguage) throw new Error(`Translation language ${translateTo} not available`);
url += `&tlang=${translateTo}`;
language = translatedLanguage.language;
languageCode = translateTo;
}
const response = await fetch(url, {
headers: {
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.9",
"User-Agent": WATCH_PAGE_USER_AGENT,
},
});
if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status} fetching transcript`);
return {
snippets: parseTranscriptPayload(await response.text(), url),
language,
languageCode,
};
}
export function detectYtDlpCommand(): { command: string; args: string[]; label: string } | null {
if (cachedYtDlpCommand !== undefined) return cachedYtDlpCommand;
const candidates = [
{ command: "yt-dlp", args: [], label: "yt-dlp" },
{ command: "uvx", args: ["--from", "yt-dlp", "yt-dlp"], label: "uvx --from yt-dlp yt-dlp" },
{ command: "python3", args: ["-m", "yt_dlp"], label: "python3 -m yt_dlp" },
];
for (const candidate of candidates) {
const probe = spawnSync(candidate.command, [...candidate.args, "--version"], {
encoding: "utf8",
maxBuffer: 1024 * 1024,
});
if (probe.status !== 0) continue;
const helpProbe = spawnSync(candidate.command, [...candidate.args, "--help"], {
encoding: "utf8",
maxBuffer: 2 * 1024 * 1024,
});
const helpText = `${helpProbe.stdout || ""}\n${helpProbe.stderr || ""}`;
const supportsRequiredFlags =
helpProbe.status === 0 &&
helpText.includes("--js-runtimes") &&
helpText.includes("--remote-components");
if (supportsRequiredFlags) {
cachedYtDlpCommand = candidate;
return candidate;
}
}
cachedYtDlpCommand = null;
return cachedYtDlpCommand;
}
export function selectYtDlpTrack(entries: YtDlpTrack[]): YtDlpTrack | null {
const preferredExts = ["json3", "srv3", "srv2", "srv1", "ttml", "vtt"];
for (const ext of preferredExts) {
const match = entries.find((entry) => entry.url && entry.ext === ext);
if (match) return match;
}
return entries.find((entry) => !!entry.url) || null;
}
export function buildTranscriptListFromYtDlp(info: YtDlpInfo): TranscriptInfo[] {
const translationLanguages = Object.entries(info.automatic_captions || {}).map(([languageCode, entries]) => ({
language: entries.find((entry) => entry.name)?.name || languageCode,
languageCode,
}));
const manual = Object.entries(info.subtitles || {}).flatMap(([languageCode, entries]) => {
const selected = selectYtDlpTrack(entries);
if (!selected?.url) return [];
return [{
language: selected.name || languageCode,
languageCode,
isGenerated: false,
isTranslatable: translationLanguages.length > 0,
baseUrl: selected.url,
translationLanguages,
}];
});
const generated = Object.entries(info.automatic_captions || {}).flatMap(([languageCode, entries]) => {
const selected = selectYtDlpTrack(entries);
if (!selected?.url) return [];
return [{
language: selected.name || languageCode,
languageCode,
isGenerated: true,
isTranslatable: translationLanguages.length > 0,
baseUrl: selected.url,
translationLanguages,
}];
});
return [...manual, ...generated];
}
function fetchYtDlpInfo(videoId: string): YtDlpInfo {
const command = detectYtDlpCommand();
if (!command) {
throw makeError(
`Request blocked for ${videoId}: bot detected. yt-dlp fallback unavailable (install yt-dlp or uv).`,
"YT_DLP_UNAVAILABLE"
);
}
const args = [
...command.args,
"-J",
"--skip-download",
"--js-runtimes",
"bun",
"--remote-components",
"ejs:github",
];
const cookiesFromBrowser = process.env.YOUTUBE_TRANSCRIPT_COOKIES_FROM_BROWSER?.trim();
if (cookiesFromBrowser) args.push("--cookies-from-browser", cookiesFromBrowser);
args.push(`${WATCH_URL}${videoId}`);
const result = spawnSync(command.command, args, {
encoding: "utf8",
maxBuffer: YT_DLP_MAX_BUFFER,
});
if (result.status !== 0) {
const stderr = (result.stderr || "").trim();
const stdout = (result.stdout || "").trim();
const detail = stderr || stdout || `exit ${result.status ?? "unknown"}`;
throw makeError(`yt-dlp fallback failed for ${videoId} (${command.label}): ${detail}`, "YT_DLP_FAILED");
}
return JSON.parse(result.stdout);
}
async function fetchInnertubeSource(videoId: string): Promise<VideoSource> {
const html = await fetchHtml(videoId);
const session = extractSession(html, videoId);
const attempts: string[] = [];
let lastError: Error | null = null;
for (const client of INNER_TUBE_CLIENTS) {
try {
const data = await fetchInnertubeData(videoId, session, client);
const captionsJson = extractCaptionsJson(data, videoId);
return { kind: "innertube", data, transcripts: buildTranscriptList(captionsJson) };
} catch (error) {
const normalized = normalizeError(error);
attempts.push(`${client.id}: ${normalized.message}`);
lastError = normalized;
if (!shouldTryAlternateClient(normalized)) break;
}
}
if (!lastError) throw makeError(`Unable to fetch transcript metadata for ${videoId}`, "UNKNOWN");
if (attempts.length > 1) {
throw makeError(`${lastError.message}. Tried clients: ${attempts.join("; ")}`, normalizeError(lastError).code);
}
throw lastError;
}
export async function resolveVideoSource(
videoId: string,
fetchPrimary: (videoId: string) => Promise<VideoSource>,
fetchFallback: (videoId: string) => YtDlpInfo,
logWarning: (message: string) => void = (message) => console.error(message)
): Promise<VideoSource> {
try {
return await fetchPrimary(videoId);
} catch (error) {
const normalized = normalizeError(error);
if (!shouldTryYtDlpFallback(normalized)) throw normalized;
logWarning(`Warning (${videoId}): ${normalized.message}. Retrying with yt-dlp fallback.`);
const info = fetchFallback(videoId);
const transcripts = buildTranscriptListFromYtDlp(info);
if (!transcripts.length) throw makeError(`Transcripts disabled for ${videoId}`, "TRANSCRIPTS_DISABLED");
return { kind: "yt-dlp", info, transcripts };
}
}
export async function fetchVideoSource(videoId: string): Promise<VideoSource> {
return resolveVideoSource(videoId, fetchInnertubeSource, fetchYtDlpInfo);
}
export function parseChapters(description: string, duration: number = 0): Chapter[] {
const raw: { title: string; start: number }[] = [];
for (const line of description.split("\n")) {
const match = line.trim().match(/^(?:(\d{1,2}):)?(\d{1,2}):(\d{2})\s+(.+)$/);
if (match) {
const hours = match[1] ? parseInt(match[1]) : 0;
raw.push({ title: match[4].trim(), start: hours * 3600 + parseInt(match[2]) * 60 + parseInt(match[3]) });
}
}
if (raw.length < 2) return [];
return raw.map((chapter, index) => ({
title: chapter.title,
start: chapter.start,
end: index < raw.length - 1 ? raw[index + 1].start : Math.max(duration, chapter.start),
}));
}
export function getThumbnailUrls(videoId: string, data: any): string[] {
const urls = [
`https://i.ytimg.com/vi/${videoId}/maxresdefault.jpg`,
`https://i.ytimg.com/vi/${videoId}/hqdefault.jpg`,
];
const thumbnails = data?.videoDetails?.thumbnail?.thumbnails ||
data?.microformat?.playerMicroformatRenderer?.thumbnail?.thumbnails ||
[];
if (thumbnails.length) {
const sorted = [...thumbnails].sort((a: any, b: any) => (b.width || 0) - (a.width || 0));
for (const thumbnail of sorted) {
if (thumbnail.url && !urls.includes(thumbnail.url)) urls.push(thumbnail.url);
}
}
return urls;
}
export function getYtDlpThumbnailUrls(videoId: string, info: YtDlpInfo): string[] {
const urls = getThumbnailUrls(videoId, null);
const thumbnails = Array.isArray(info.thumbnails) ? info.thumbnails : [];
const sorted = [...thumbnails].sort((a, b) => (b?.width || 0) - (a?.width || 0));
for (const thumbnail of sorted) {
if (thumbnail?.url && !urls.includes(thumbnail.url)) urls.push(thumbnail.url);
}
if (info.thumbnail && !urls.includes(info.thumbnail)) urls.push(info.thumbnail);
return urls;
}
export function buildVideoMeta(data: any, videoId: string, language: LanguageMeta, chapters: Chapter[]): VideoMeta {
const videoDetails = data?.videoDetails || {};
const microformat = data?.microformat?.playerMicroformatRenderer || {};
return {
videoId,
title: videoDetails.title || microformat.title?.simpleText || "",
channel: videoDetails.author || microformat.ownerChannelName || "",
channelId: videoDetails.channelId || microformat.externalChannelId || "",
description: videoDetails.shortDescription || microformat.description?.simpleText || "",
duration: parseInt(videoDetails.lengthSeconds || "0"),
publishDate: microformat.publishDate || microformat.uploadDate || "",
url: `${WATCH_URL}${videoId}`,
coverImage: "",
thumbnailUrl: getThumbnailUrls(videoId, data)[0],
language,
chapters,
};
}
export function buildVideoMetaFromYtDlp(
info: YtDlpInfo,
videoId: string,
language: LanguageMeta,
chapters: Chapter[]
): VideoMeta {
return {
videoId,
title: info.title || "",
channel: info.channel || info.uploader || "",
channelId: info.channel_id || info.uploader_id || "",
description: info.description || "",
duration: Number(info.duration || 0),
publishDate: normalizePublishDate(info.upload_date),
url: info.webpage_url || `${WATCH_URL}${videoId}`,
coverImage: "",
thumbnailUrl: getYtDlpThumbnailUrls(videoId, info)[0] || "",
language,
chapters,
};
}
export async function downloadCoverImage(urls: string[], outputPath: string): Promise<boolean> {
for (const url of urls) {
try {
const response = await fetch(url);
if (response.ok) {
writeFileSync(outputPath, Buffer.from(await response.arrayBuffer()));
return true;
}
} catch {}
}
return false;
}