package chapter4.example14; abstract class Animal { abstract void shout(); } class Cat extends Animal { public void shout() { System.out.println("喵喵..."); } } class Dog extends Animal { public void shout() { System.out.println("汪汪..."); } } class Example14 { public static void main(String[] args) { Animal cat = new Cat(); Animal dog = new Dog(); cat.shout(); dog.shout(); } } class Example15 { public static void main(String[] args) { Dog dog = new Dog(); Animal an = dog; an.shout(); } }